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@ -0,0 +1,668 @@
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root@localhost:~# qemu-system-i386 -h
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QEMU emulator version 4.2.0 (Debian 1:4.2-3ubuntu6.3)
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Copyright (c) 2003-2019 Fabrice Bellard and the QEMU Project developers
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usage: qemu-system-i386 [options] [disk_image]
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'disk_image' is a raw hard disk image for IDE hard disk 0
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Standard options:
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-h or -help display this help and exit
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-version display version information and exit
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-machine [type=]name[,prop[=value][,...]]
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selects emulated machine ('-machine help' for list)
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property accel=accel1[:accel2[:...]] selects accelerator
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supported accelerators are kvm, xen, hax, hvf, whpx or tcg (default: tcg)
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kernel_irqchip=on|off|split controls accelerated irqchip support (default=off)
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vmport=on|off|auto controls emulation of vmport (default: auto)
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kvm_shadow_mem=size of KVM shadow MMU in bytes
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dump-guest-core=on|off include guest memory in a core dump (default=on)
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mem-merge=on|off controls memory merge support (default: on)
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igd-passthru=on|off controls IGD GFX passthrough support (default=off)
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aes-key-wrap=on|off controls support for AES key wrapping (default=on)
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dea-key-wrap=on|off controls support for DEA key wrapping (default=on)
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suppress-vmdesc=on|off disables self-describing migration (default=off)
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nvdimm=on|off controls NVDIMM support (default=off)
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enforce-config-section=on|off enforce configuration section migration (default=off)
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memory-encryption=@var{} memory encryption object to use (default=none)
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-cpu cpu select CPU ('-cpu help' for list)
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-accel [accel=]accelerator[,thread=single|multi]
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select accelerator (kvm, xen, hax, hvf, whpx or tcg; use 'help' for a list)
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thread=single|multi (enable multi-threaded TCG)
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-smp [cpus=]n[,maxcpus=cpus][,cores=cores][,threads=threads][,dies=dies][,sockets=sockets]
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set the number of CPUs to 'n' [default=1]
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maxcpus= maximum number of total cpus, including
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offline CPUs for hotplug, etc
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cores= number of CPU cores on one socket (for PC, it's on one die)
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threads= number of threads on one CPU core
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dies= number of CPU dies on one socket (for PC only)
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sockets= number of discrete sockets in the system
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-numa node[,mem=size][,cpus=firstcpu[-lastcpu]][,nodeid=node]
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-numa node[,memdev=id][,cpus=firstcpu[-lastcpu]][,nodeid=node]
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-numa dist,src=source,dst=destination,val=distance
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-numa cpu,node-id=node[,socket-id=x][,core-id=y][,thread-id=z]
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-add-fd fd=fd,set=set[,opaque=opaque]
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Add 'fd' to fd 'set'
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-set group.id.arg=value
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set <arg> parameter for item <id> of type <group>
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i.e. -set drive.$id.file=/path/to/image
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-global driver.property=value
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-global driver=driver,property=property,value=value
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set a global default for a driver property
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-boot [order=drives][,once=drives][,menu=on|off]
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[,splash=sp_name][,splash-time=sp_time][,reboot-timeout=rb_time][,strict=on|off]
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'drives': floppy (a), hard disk (c), CD-ROM (d), network (n)
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'sp_name': the file's name that would be passed to bios as logo picture, if menu=on
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'sp_time': the period that splash picture last if menu=on, unit is ms
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'rb_timeout': the timeout before guest reboot when boot failed, unit is ms
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-m [size=]megs[,slots=n,maxmem=size]
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configure guest RAM
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size: initial amount of guest memory
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slots: number of hotplug slots (default: none)
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maxmem: maximum amount of guest memory (default: none)
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NOTE: Some architectures might enforce a specific granularity
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-mem-path FILE provide backing storage for guest RAM
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-mem-prealloc preallocate guest memory (use with -mem-path)
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-k language use keyboard layout (for example 'fr' for French)
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-audio-help show -audiodev equivalent of the currently specified audio settings
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-audiodev [driver=]driver,id=id[,prop[=value][,...]]
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specifies the audio backend to use
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id= identifier of the backend
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timer-period= timer period in microseconds
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in|out.mixing-engine= use mixing engine to mix streams inside QEMU
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in|out.fixed-settings= use fixed settings for host audio
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in|out.frequency= frequency to use with fixed settings
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in|out.channels= number of channels to use with fixed settings
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in|out.format= sample format to use with fixed settings
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valid values: s8, s16, s32, u8, u16, u32
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in|out.voices= number of voices to use
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in|out.buffer-length= length of buffer in microseconds
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-audiodev none,id=id,[,prop[=value][,...]]
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dummy driver that discards all output
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-audiodev alsa,id=id[,prop[=value][,...]]
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in|out.dev= name of the audio device to use
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in|out.period-length= length of period in microseconds
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in|out.try-poll= attempt to use poll mode
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threshold= threshold (in microseconds) when playback starts
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-audiodev oss,id=id[,prop[=value][,...]]
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in|out.dev= path of the audio device to use
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in|out.buffer-count= number of buffers
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in|out.try-poll= attempt to use poll mode
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try-mmap= try using memory mapped access
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exclusive= open device in exclusive mode
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dsp-policy= set timing policy (0..10), -1 to use fragment mode
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-audiodev pa,id=id[,prop[=value][,...]]
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server= PulseAudio server address
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in|out.name= source/sink device name
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in|out.latency= desired latency in microseconds
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-audiodev spice,id=id[,prop[=value][,...]]
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-audiodev wav,id=id[,prop[=value][,...]]
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path= path of wav file to record
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-soundhw c1,... enable audio support
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and only specified sound cards (comma separated list)
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use '-soundhw help' to get the list of supported cards
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use '-soundhw all' to enable all of them
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-device driver[,prop[=value][,...]]
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add device (based on driver)
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prop=value,... sets driver properties
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use '-device help' to print all possible drivers
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use '-device driver,help' to print all possible properties
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-name string1[,process=string2][,debug-threads=on|off]
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set the name of the guest
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string1 sets the window title and string2 the process name
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When debug-threads is enabled, individual threads are given a separate name
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NOTE: The thread names are for debugging and not a stable API.
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-uuid %08x-%04x-%04x-%04x-%012x
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specify machine UUID
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Block device options:
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-fda/-fdb file use 'file' as floppy disk 0/1 image
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-hda/-hdb file use 'file' as IDE hard disk 0/1 image
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-hdc/-hdd file use 'file' as IDE hard disk 2/3 image
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-cdrom file use 'file' as IDE cdrom image (cdrom is ide1 master)
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-blockdev [driver=]driver[,node-name=N][,discard=ignore|unmap]
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[,cache.direct=on|off][,cache.no-flush=on|off]
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[,read-only=on|off][,auto-read-only=on|off]
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[,force-share=on|off][,detect-zeroes=on|off|unmap]
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[,driver specific parameters...]
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configure a block backend
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-drive [file=file][,if=type][,bus=n][,unit=m][,media=d][,index=i]
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[,cache=writethrough|writeback|none|directsync|unsafe][,format=f]
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[,snapshot=on|off][,rerror=ignore|stop|report]
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[,werror=ignore|stop|report|enospc][,id=name][,aio=threads|native]
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[,readonly=on|off][,copy-on-read=on|off]
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[,discard=ignore|unmap][,detect-zeroes=on|off|unmap]
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[[,bps=b]|[[,bps_rd=r][,bps_wr=w]]]
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[[,iops=i]|[[,iops_rd=r][,iops_wr=w]]]
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[[,bps_max=bm]|[[,bps_rd_max=rm][,bps_wr_max=wm]]]
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[[,iops_max=im]|[[,iops_rd_max=irm][,iops_wr_max=iwm]]]
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[[,iops_size=is]]
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[[,group=g]]
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use 'file' as a drive image
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-mtdblock file use 'file' as on-board Flash memory image
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-sd file use 'file' as SecureDigital card image
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-pflash file use 'file' as a parallel flash image
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-snapshot write to temporary files instead of disk image files
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-fsdev local,id=id,path=path,security_model=mapped-xattr|mapped-file|passthrough|none
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[,writeout=immediate][,readonly][,fmode=fmode][,dmode=dmode]
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[[,throttling.bps-total=b]|[[,throttling.bps-read=r][,throttling.bps-write=w]]]
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[[,throttling.iops-total=i]|[[,throttling.iops-read=r][,throttling.iops-write=w]]]
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[[,throttling.bps-total-max=bm]|[[,throttling.bps-read-max=rm][,throttling.bps-write-max=wm]]]
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[[,throttling.iops-total-max=im]|[[,throttling.iops-read-max=irm][,throttling.iops-write-max=iwm]]]
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[[,throttling.iops-size=is]]
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-fsdev proxy,id=id,socket=socket[,writeout=immediate][,readonly]
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-fsdev proxy,id=id,sock_fd=sock_fd[,writeout=immediate][,readonly]
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-fsdev synth,id=id
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-virtfs local,path=path,mount_tag=tag,security_model=mapped-xattr|mapped-file|passthrough|none
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[,id=id][,writeout=immediate][,readonly][,fmode=fmode][,dmode=dmode][,multidevs=remap|forbid|warn]
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-virtfs proxy,mount_tag=tag,socket=socket[,id=id][,writeout=immediate][,readonly]
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-virtfs proxy,mount_tag=tag,sock_fd=sock_fd[,id=id][,writeout=immediate][,readonly]
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-virtfs synth,mount_tag=tag[,id=id][,readonly]
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-virtfs_synth Create synthetic file system image
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-iscsi [user=user][,password=password]
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[,header-digest=CRC32C|CR32C-NONE|NONE-CRC32C|NONE
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[,initiator-name=initiator-iqn][,id=target-iqn]
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[,timeout=timeout]
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iSCSI session parameters
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USB options:
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-usb enable on-board USB host controller (if not enabled by default)
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-usbdevice name add the host or guest USB device 'name'
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Display options:
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-display spice-app[,gl=on|off]
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-display gtk[,grab_on_hover=on|off][,gl=on|off]|
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-display vnc=<display>[,<optargs>]
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-display curses[,charset=<encoding>]
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-display egl-headless[,rendernode=<file>]
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-display none
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select display backend type
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The default display is equivalent to
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"-display gtk"
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-nographic disable graphical output and redirect serial I/Os to console
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-curses shorthand for -display curses
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-alt-grab use Ctrl-Alt-Shift to grab mouse (instead of Ctrl-Alt)
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-ctrl-grab use Right-Ctrl to grab mouse (instead of Ctrl-Alt)
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-no-quit disable SDL window close capability
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-sdl shorthand for -display sdl
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-spice [port=port][,tls-port=secured-port][,x509-dir=<dir>]
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[,x509-key-file=<file>][,x509-key-password=<file>]
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[,x509-cert-file=<file>][,x509-cacert-file=<file>]
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[,x509-dh-key-file=<file>][,addr=addr][,ipv4|ipv6|unix]
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[,tls-ciphers=<list>]
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[,tls-channel=[main|display|cursor|inputs|record|playback]]
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[,plaintext-channel=[main|display|cursor|inputs|record|playback]]
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[,sasl][,password=<secret>][,disable-ticketing]
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[,image-compression=[auto_glz|auto_lz|quic|glz|lz|off]]
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[,jpeg-wan-compression=[auto|never|always]]
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[,zlib-glz-wan-compression=[auto|never|always]]
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[,streaming-video=[off|all|filter]][,disable-copy-paste]
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[,disable-agent-file-xfer][,agent-mouse=[on|off]]
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[,playback-compression=[on|off]][,seamless-migration=[on|off]]
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[,gl=[on|off]][,rendernode=<file>]
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enable spice
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at least one of {port, tls-port} is mandatory
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-portrait rotate graphical output 90 deg left (only PXA LCD)
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-rotate <deg> rotate graphical output some deg left (only PXA LCD)
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-vga [std|cirrus|vmware|qxl|xenfb|tcx|cg3|virtio|none]
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select video card type
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-full-screen start in full screen
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-vnc <display> shorthand for -display vnc=<display>
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i386 target only:
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-win2k-hack use it when installing Windows 2000 to avoid a disk full bug
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-no-fd-bootchk disable boot signature checking for floppy disks
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-no-acpi disable ACPI
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-no-hpet disable HPET
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-acpitable [sig=str][,rev=n][,oem_id=str][,oem_table_id=str][,oem_rev=n][,asl_compiler_id=str][,asl_compiler_rev=n][,{data|file}=file1[:file2]...]
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ACPI table description
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-smbios file=binary
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load SMBIOS entry from binary file
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-smbios type=0[,vendor=str][,version=str][,date=str][,release=%d.%d]
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[,uefi=on|off]
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specify SMBIOS type 0 fields
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-smbios type=1[,manufacturer=str][,product=str][,version=str][,serial=str]
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[,uuid=uuid][,sku=str][,family=str]
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specify SMBIOS type 1 fields
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-smbios type=2[,manufacturer=str][,product=str][,version=str][,serial=str]
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[,asset=str][,location=str]
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specify SMBIOS type 2 fields
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-smbios type=3[,manufacturer=str][,version=str][,serial=str][,asset=str]
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[,sku=str]
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specify SMBIOS type 3 fields
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-smbios type=4[,sock_pfx=str][,manufacturer=str][,version=str][,serial=str]
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[,asset=str][,part=str]
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specify SMBIOS type 4 fields
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-smbios type=17[,loc_pfx=str][,bank=str][,manufacturer=str][,serial=str]
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[,asset=str][,part=str][,speed=%d]
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specify SMBIOS type 17 fields
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Network options:
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-netdev user,id=str[,ipv4[=on|off]][,net=addr[/mask]][,host=addr]
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[,ipv6[=on|off]][,ipv6-net=addr[/int]][,ipv6-host=addr]
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[,restrict=on|off][,hostname=host][,dhcpstart=addr]
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[,dns=addr][,ipv6-dns=addr][,dnssearch=domain][,domainname=domain]
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[,tftp=dir][,tftp-server-name=name][,bootfile=f][,hostfwd=rule][,guestfwd=rule][,smb=dir[,smbserver=addr]]
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configure a user mode network backend with ID 'str',
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its DHCP server and optional services
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-netdev tap,id=str[,fd=h][,fds=x:y:...:z][,ifname=name][,script=file][,downscript=dfile]
|
|
|
|
|
[,br=bridge][,helper=helper][,sndbuf=nbytes][,vnet_hdr=on|off][,vhost=on|off]
|
|
|
|
|
[,vhostfd=h][,vhostfds=x:y:...:z][,vhostforce=on|off][,queues=n]
|
|
|
|
|
[,poll-us=n]
|
|
|
|
|
configure a host TAP network backend with ID 'str'
|
|
|
|
|
connected to a bridge (default=br0)
|
|
|
|
|
use network scripts 'file' (default=/etc/qemu-ifup)
|
|
|
|
|
to configure it and 'dfile' (default=/etc/qemu-ifdown)
|
|
|
|
|
to deconfigure it
|
|
|
|
|
use '[down]script=no' to disable script execution
|
|
|
|
|
use network helper 'helper' (default=/usr/lib/qemu/qemu-bridge-helper) to
|
|
|
|
|
configure it
|
|
|
|
|
use 'fd=h' to connect to an already opened TAP interface
|
|
|
|
|
use 'fds=x:y:...:z' to connect to already opened multiqueue capable TAP interfaces
|
|
|
|
|
use 'sndbuf=nbytes' to limit the size of the send buffer (the
|
|
|
|
|
default is disabled 'sndbuf=0' to enable flow control set 'sndbuf=1048576')
|
|
|
|
|
use vnet_hdr=off to avoid enabling the IFF_VNET_HDR tap flag
|
|
|
|
|
use vnet_hdr=on to make the lack of IFF_VNET_HDR support an error condition
|
|
|
|
|
use vhost=on to enable experimental in kernel accelerator
|
|
|
|
|
(only has effect for virtio guests which use MSIX)
|
|
|
|
|
use vhostforce=on to force vhost on for non-MSIX virtio guests
|
|
|
|
|
use 'vhostfd=h' to connect to an already opened vhost net device
|
|
|
|
|
use 'vhostfds=x:y:...:z to connect to multiple already opened vhost net devices
|
|
|
|
|
use 'queues=n' to specify the number of queues to be created for multiqueue TAP
|
|
|
|
|
use 'poll-us=n' to speciy the maximum number of microseconds that could be
|
|
|
|
|
spent on busy polling for vhost net
|
|
|
|
|
-netdev bridge,id=str[,br=bridge][,helper=helper]
|
|
|
|
|
configure a host TAP network backend with ID 'str' that is
|
|
|
|
|
connected to a bridge (default=br0)
|
|
|
|
|
using the program 'helper (default=/usr/lib/qemu/qemu-bridge-helper)
|
|
|
|
|
-netdev l2tpv3,id=str,src=srcaddr,dst=dstaddr[,srcport=srcport][,dstport=dstport]
|
|
|
|
|
[,rxsession=rxsession],txsession=txsession[,ipv6=on/off][,udp=on/off]
|
|
|
|
|
[,cookie64=on/off][,counter][,pincounter][,txcookie=txcookie]
|
|
|
|
|
[,rxcookie=rxcookie][,offset=offset]
|
|
|
|
|
configure a network backend with ID 'str' connected to
|
|
|
|
|
an Ethernet over L2TPv3 pseudowire.
|
|
|
|
|
Linux kernel 3.3+ as well as most routers can talk
|
|
|
|
|
L2TPv3. This transport allows connecting a VM to a VM,
|
|
|
|
|
VM to a router and even VM to Host. It is a nearly-universal
|
|
|
|
|
standard (RFC3391). Note - this implementation uses static
|
|
|
|
|
pre-configured tunnels (same as the Linux kernel).
|
|
|
|
|
use 'src=' to specify source address
|
|
|
|
|
use 'dst=' to specify destination address
|
|
|
|
|
use 'udp=on' to specify udp encapsulation
|
|
|
|
|
use 'srcport=' to specify source udp port
|
|
|
|
|
use 'dstport=' to specify destination udp port
|
|
|
|
|
use 'ipv6=on' to force v6
|
|
|
|
|
L2TPv3 uses cookies to prevent misconfiguration as
|
|
|
|
|
well as a weak security measure
|
|
|
|
|
use 'rxcookie=0x012345678' to specify a rxcookie
|
|
|
|
|
use 'txcookie=0x012345678' to specify a txcookie
|
|
|
|
|
use 'cookie64=on' to set cookie size to 64 bit, otherwise 32
|
|
|
|
|
use 'counter=off' to force a 'cut-down' L2TPv3 with no counter
|
|
|
|
|
use 'pincounter=on' to work around broken counter handling in peer
|
|
|
|
|
use 'offset=X' to add an extra offset between header and data
|
|
|
|
|
-netdev socket,id=str[,fd=h][,listen=[host]:port][,connect=host:port]
|
|
|
|
|
configure a network backend to connect to another network
|
|
|
|
|
using a socket connection
|
|
|
|
|
-netdev socket,id=str[,fd=h][,mcast=maddr:port[,localaddr=addr]]
|
|
|
|
|
configure a network backend to connect to a multicast maddr and port
|
|
|
|
|
use 'localaddr=addr' to specify the host address to send packets from
|
|
|
|
|
-netdev socket,id=str[,fd=h][,udp=host:port][,localaddr=host:port]
|
|
|
|
|
configure a network backend to connect to another network
|
|
|
|
|
using an UDP tunnel
|
|
|
|
|
-netdev vhost-user,id=str,chardev=dev[,vhostforce=on|off]
|
|
|
|
|
configure a vhost-user network, backed by a chardev 'dev'
|
|
|
|
|
-netdev hubport,id=str,hubid=n[,netdev=nd]
|
|
|
|
|
configure a hub port on the hub with ID 'n'
|
|
|
|
|
-nic [tap|bridge|user|l2tpv3|vhost-user|socket][,option][,...][mac=macaddr]
|
|
|
|
|
initialize an on-board / default host NIC (using MAC address
|
|
|
|
|
macaddr) and connect it to the given host network backend
|
|
|
|
|
-nic none use it alone to have zero network devices (the default is to
|
|
|
|
|
provided a 'user' network connection)
|
|
|
|
|
-net nic[,macaddr=mac][,model=type][,name=str][,addr=str][,vectors=v]
|
|
|
|
|
configure or create an on-board (or machine default) NIC and
|
|
|
|
|
connect it to hub 0 (please use -nic unless you need a hub)
|
|
|
|
|
-net [user|tap|bridge|socket][,option][,option][,...]
|
|
|
|
|
old way to initialize a host network interface
|
|
|
|
|
(use the -netdev option if possible instead)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Character device options:
|
|
|
|
|
-chardev help
|
|
|
|
|
-chardev null,id=id[,mux=on|off][,logfile=PATH][,logappend=on|off]
|
|
|
|
|
-chardev socket,id=id[,host=host],port=port[,to=to][,ipv4][,ipv6][,nodelay][,reconnect=seconds]
|
|
|
|
|
[,server][,nowait][,telnet][,websocket][,reconnect=seconds][,mux=on|off]
|
|
|
|
|
[,logfile=PATH][,logappend=on|off][,tls-creds=ID][,tls-authz=ID] (tcp)
|
|
|
|
|
-chardev socket,id=id,path=path[,server][,nowait][,telnet][,websocket][,reconnect=seconds]
|
|
|
|
|
[,mux=on|off][,logfile=PATH][,logappend=on|off] (unix)
|
|
|
|
|
-chardev udp,id=id[,host=host],port=port[,localaddr=localaddr]
|
|
|
|
|
[,localport=localport][,ipv4][,ipv6][,mux=on|off]
|
|
|
|
|
[,logfile=PATH][,logappend=on|off]
|
|
|
|
|
-chardev msmouse,id=id[,mux=on|off][,logfile=PATH][,logappend=on|off]
|
|
|
|
|
-chardev vc,id=id[[,width=width][,height=height]][[,cols=cols][,rows=rows]]
|
|
|
|
|
[,mux=on|off][,logfile=PATH][,logappend=on|off]
|
|
|
|
|
-chardev ringbuf,id=id[,size=size][,logfile=PATH][,logappend=on|off]
|
|
|
|
|
-chardev file,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off][,logfile=PATH][,logappend=on|off]
|
|
|
|
|
-chardev pipe,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off][,logfile=PATH][,logappend=on|off]
|
|
|
|
|
-chardev pty,id=id[,mux=on|off][,logfile=PATH][,logappend=on|off]
|
|
|
|
|
-chardev stdio,id=id[,mux=on|off][,signal=on|off][,logfile=PATH][,logappend=on|off]
|
|
|
|
|
-chardev braille,id=id[,mux=on|off][,logfile=PATH][,logappend=on|off]
|
|
|
|
|
-chardev serial,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off][,logfile=PATH][,logappend=on|off]
|
|
|
|
|
-chardev tty,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off][,logfile=PATH][,logappend=on|off]
|
|
|
|
|
-chardev parallel,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off][,logfile=PATH][,logappend=on|off]
|
|
|
|
|
-chardev parport,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off][,logfile=PATH][,logappend=on|off]
|
|
|
|
|
-chardev spicevmc,id=id,name=name[,debug=debug][,logfile=PATH][,logappend=on|off]
|
|
|
|
|
-chardev spiceport,id=id,name=name[,debug=debug][,logfile=PATH][,logappend=on|off]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bluetooth(R) options:
|
|
|
|
|
-bt hci,null dumb bluetooth HCI - doesn't respond to commands
|
|
|
|
|
-bt hci,host[:id]
|
|
|
|
|
use host's HCI with the given name
|
|
|
|
|
-bt hci[,vlan=n]
|
|
|
|
|
emulate a standard HCI in virtual scatternet 'n'
|
|
|
|
|
-bt vhci[,vlan=n]
|
|
|
|
|
add host computer to virtual scatternet 'n' using VHCI
|
|
|
|
|
-bt device:dev[,vlan=n]
|
|
|
|
|
emulate a bluetooth device 'dev' in scatternet 'n'
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TPM device options:
|
|
|
|
|
-tpmdev passthrough,id=id[,path=path][,cancel-path=path]
|
|
|
|
|
use path to provide path to a character device; default is /dev/tpm0
|
|
|
|
|
use cancel-path to provide path to TPM's cancel sysfs entry; if
|
|
|
|
|
not provided it will be searched for in /sys/class/misc/tpm?/device
|
|
|
|
|
-tpmdev emulator,id=id,chardev=dev
|
|
|
|
|
configure the TPM device using chardev backend
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Linux/Multiboot boot specific:
|
|
|
|
|
-kernel bzImage use 'bzImage' as kernel image
|
|
|
|
|
-append cmdline use 'cmdline' as kernel command line
|
|
|
|
|
-initrd file use 'file' as initial ram disk
|
|
|
|
|
-dtb file use 'file' as device tree image
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Debug/Expert options:
|
|
|
|
|
-fw_cfg [name=]<name>,file=<file>
|
|
|
|
|
add named fw_cfg entry with contents from file
|
|
|
|
|
-fw_cfg [name=]<name>,string=<str>
|
|
|
|
|
add named fw_cfg entry with contents from string
|
|
|
|
|
-serial dev redirect the serial port to char device 'dev'
|
|
|
|
|
-parallel dev redirect the parallel port to char device 'dev'
|
|
|
|
|
-monitor dev redirect the monitor to char device 'dev'
|
|
|
|
|
-qmp dev like -monitor but opens in 'control' mode
|
|
|
|
|
-qmp-pretty dev like -qmp but uses pretty JSON formatting
|
|
|
|
|
-mon [chardev=]name[,mode=readline|control][,pretty[=on|off]]
|
|
|
|
|
-debugcon dev redirect the debug console to char device 'dev'
|
|
|
|
|
-pidfile file write PID to 'file'
|
|
|
|
|
-singlestep always run in singlestep mode
|
|
|
|
|
--preconfig pause QEMU before machine is initialized (experimental)
|
|
|
|
|
-S freeze CPU at startup (use 'c' to start execution)
|
|
|
|
|
-realtime [mlock=on|off]
|
|
|
|
|
run qemu with realtime features
|
|
|
|
|
mlock=on|off controls mlock support (default: on)
|
|
|
|
|
-overcommit [mem-lock=on|off][cpu-pm=on|off]
|
|
|
|
|
run qemu with overcommit hints
|
|
|
|
|
mem-lock=on|off controls memory lock support (default: off)
|
|
|
|
|
cpu-pm=on|off controls cpu power management (default: off)
|
|
|
|
|
-gdb dev wait for gdb connection on 'dev'
|
|
|
|
|
-s shorthand for -gdb tcp::1234
|
|
|
|
|
-d item1,... enable logging of specified items (use '-d help' for a list of log items)
|
|
|
|
|
-D logfile output log to logfile (default stderr)
|
|
|
|
|
-dfilter range,.. filter debug output to range of addresses (useful for -d cpu,exec,etc..)
|
|
|
|
|
-seed number seed the pseudo-random number generator
|
|
|
|
|
-L path set the directory for the BIOS, VGA BIOS and keymaps
|
|
|
|
|
-bios file set the filename for the BIOS
|
|
|
|
|
-enable-kvm enable KVM full virtualization support
|
|
|
|
|
-xen-domid id specify xen guest domain id
|
|
|
|
|
-xen-attach attach to existing xen domain
|
|
|
|
|
libxl will use this when starting QEMU
|
|
|
|
|
-xen-domid-restrict restrict set of available xen operations
|
|
|
|
|
to specified domain id. (Does not affect
|
|
|
|
|
xenpv machine type).
|
|
|
|
|
-no-reboot exit instead of rebooting
|
|
|
|
|
-no-shutdown stop before shutdown
|
|
|
|
|
-loadvm [tag|id]
|
|
|
|
|
start right away with a saved state (loadvm in monitor)
|
|
|
|
|
-daemonize daemonize QEMU after initializing
|
|
|
|
|
-option-rom rom load a file, rom, into the option ROM space
|
|
|
|
|
-rtc [base=utc|localtime|<datetime>][,clock=host|rt|vm][,driftfix=none|slew]
|
|
|
|
|
set the RTC base and clock, enable drift fix for clock ticks (x86 only)
|
|
|
|
|
-icount [shift=N|auto][,align=on|off][,sleep=on|off,rr=record|replay,rrfile=<filename>,rrsnapshot=<snapshot>]
|
|
|
|
|
enable virtual instruction counter with 2^N clock ticks per
|
|
|
|
|
instruction, enable aligning the host and virtual clocks
|
|
|
|
|
or disable real time cpu sleeping
|
|
|
|
|
-watchdog model
|
|
|
|
|
enable virtual hardware watchdog [default=none]
|
|
|
|
|
-watchdog-action reset|shutdown|poweroff|inject-nmi|pause|debug|none
|
|
|
|
|
action when watchdog fires [default=reset]
|
|
|
|
|
-echr chr set terminal escape character instead of ctrl-a
|
|
|
|
|
-show-cursor show cursor
|
|
|
|
|
-tb-size n set TB size
|
|
|
|
|
-incoming tcp:[host]:port[,to=maxport][,ipv4][,ipv6]
|
|
|
|
|
-incoming rdma:host:port[,ipv4][,ipv6]
|
|
|
|
|
-incoming unix:socketpath
|
|
|
|
|
prepare for incoming migration, listen on
|
|
|
|
|
specified protocol and socket address
|
|
|
|
|
-incoming fd:fd
|
|
|
|
|
-incoming exec:cmdline
|
|
|
|
|
accept incoming migration on given file descriptor
|
|
|
|
|
or from given external command
|
|
|
|
|
-incoming defer
|
|
|
|
|
wait for the URI to be specified via migrate_incoming
|
|
|
|
|
-only-migratable allow only migratable devices
|
|
|
|
|
-nodefaults don't create default devices
|
|
|
|
|
-chroot dir chroot to dir just before starting the VM
|
|
|
|
|
-runas user change to user id user just before starting the VM
|
|
|
|
|
user can be numeric uid:gid instead
|
|
|
|
|
-sandbox on[,obsolete=allow|deny][,elevateprivileges=allow|deny|children]
|
|
|
|
|
[,spawn=allow|deny][,resourcecontrol=allow|deny]
|
|
|
|
|
Enable seccomp mode 2 system call filter (default 'off').
|
|
|
|
|
use 'obsolete' to allow obsolete system calls that are provided
|
|
|
|
|
by the kernel, but typically no longer used by modern
|
|
|
|
|
C library implementations.
|
|
|
|
|
use 'elevateprivileges' to allow or deny QEMU process to elevate
|
|
|
|
|
its privileges by blacklisting all set*uid|gid system calls.
|
|
|
|
|
The value 'children' will deny set*uid|gid system calls for
|
|
|
|
|
main QEMU process but will allow forks and execves to run unprivileged
|
|
|
|
|
use 'spawn' to avoid QEMU to spawn new threads or processes by
|
|
|
|
|
blacklisting *fork and execve
|
|
|
|
|
use 'resourcecontrol' to disable process affinity and schedular priority
|
|
|
|
|
-readconfig <file>
|
|
|
|
|
-writeconfig <file>
|
|
|
|
|
read/write config file
|
|
|
|
|
-no-user-config
|
|
|
|
|
do not load default user-provided config files at startup
|
|
|
|
|
-trace [[enable=]<pattern>][,events=<file>][,file=<file>]
|
|
|
|
|
specify tracing options
|
|
|
|
|
-plugin [file=]<file>[,arg=<string>]
|
|
|
|
|
load a plugin
|
|
|
|
|
-enable-fips enable FIPS 140-2 compliance
|
|
|
|
|
-msg timestamp[=on|off]
|
|
|
|
|
change the format of messages
|
|
|
|
|
on|off controls leading timestamps (default:on)
|
|
|
|
|
-dump-vmstate <file>
|
|
|
|
|
Output vmstate information in JSON format to file.
|
|
|
|
|
Use the scripts/vmstate-static-checker.py file to
|
|
|
|
|
check for possible regressions in migration code
|
|
|
|
|
by comparing two such vmstate dumps.
|
|
|
|
|
-enable-sync-profile
|
|
|
|
|
enable synchronization profiling
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Generic object creation:
|
|
|
|
|
-object TYPENAME[,PROP1=VALUE1,...]
|
|
|
|
|
create a new object of type TYPENAME setting properties
|
|
|
|
|
in the order they are specified. Note that the 'id'
|
|
|
|
|
property must be set. These objects are placed in the
|
|
|
|
|
'/objects' path.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
During emulation, the following keys are useful:
|
|
|
|
|
ctrl-alt-f toggle full screen
|
|
|
|
|
ctrl-alt-n switch to virtual console 'n'
|
|
|
|
|
ctrl-alt toggle mouse and keyboard grab
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
When using -nographic, press 'ctrl-a h' to get some help.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See <https://qemu.org/contribute/report-a-bug> for how to report bugs.
|
|
|
|
|
More information on the QEMU project at <https://qemu.org>.
|
|
|
|
|
root@localhost:~# qemu-system-x86_64 -cpu help
|
|
|
|
|
Available CPUs:
|
|
|
|
|
x86 486 (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 486-v1
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x86 Broadwell (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 Broadwell-IBRS (alias of Broadwell-v3)
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x86 Broadwell-noTSX (alias of Broadwell-v2)
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x86 Broadwell-noTSX-IBRS (alias of Broadwell-v4)
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x86 Broadwell-v1 Intel Core Processor (Broadwell)
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x86 Broadwell-v2 Intel Core Processor (Broadwell, no TSX)
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x86 Broadwell-v3 Intel Core Processor (Broadwell, IBRS)
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x86 Broadwell-v4 Intel Core Processor (Broadwell, no TSX, IBRS)
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x86 Cascadelake-Server (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 Cascadelake-Server-noTSX (alias of Cascadelake-Server-v3)
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x86 Cascadelake-Server-v1 Intel Xeon Processor (Cascadelake)
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x86 Cascadelake-Server-v2 Intel Xeon Processor (Cascadelake)
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x86 Cascadelake-Server-v3 Intel Xeon Processor (Cascadelake)
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x86 Conroe (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 Conroe-v1 Intel Celeron_4x0 (Conroe/Merom Class Core 2)
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x86 Cooperlake (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 Cooperlake-v1 Intel Xeon Processor (Cooperlake)
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x86 Denverton (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 Denverton-v1 Intel Atom Processor (Denverton)
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x86 Dhyana (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 Dhyana-v1 Hygon Dhyana Processor
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x86 EPYC (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 EPYC-IBPB (alias of EPYC-v2)
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x86 EPYC-v1 AMD EPYC Processor
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x86 EPYC-v2 AMD EPYC Processor (with IBPB)
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x86 Haswell (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 Haswell-IBRS (alias of Haswell-v3)
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x86 Haswell-noTSX (alias of Haswell-v2)
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x86 Haswell-noTSX-IBRS (alias of Haswell-v4)
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x86 Haswell-v1 Intel Core Processor (Haswell)
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x86 Haswell-v2 Intel Core Processor (Haswell, no TSX)
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x86 Haswell-v3 Intel Core Processor (Haswell, IBRS)
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x86 Haswell-v4 Intel Core Processor (Haswell, no TSX, IBRS)
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x86 Icelake-Client (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 Icelake-Client-noTSX (alias of Icelake-Client-v2)
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x86 Icelake-Client-v1 Intel Core Processor (Icelake)
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x86 Icelake-Client-v2 Intel Core Processor (Icelake)
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x86 Icelake-Server (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 Icelake-Server-noTSX (alias of Icelake-Server-v2)
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x86 Icelake-Server-v1 Intel Xeon Processor (Icelake)
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x86 Icelake-Server-v2 Intel Xeon Processor (Icelake)
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x86 IvyBridge (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 IvyBridge-IBRS (alias of IvyBridge-v2)
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x86 IvyBridge-v1 Intel Xeon E3-12xx v2 (Ivy Bridge)
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x86 IvyBridge-v2 Intel Xeon E3-12xx v2 (Ivy Bridge, IBRS)
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x86 KnightsMill (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 KnightsMill-v1 Intel Xeon Phi Processor (Knights Mill)
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x86 Nehalem (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 Nehalem-IBRS (alias of Nehalem-v2)
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x86 Nehalem-v1 Intel Core i7 9xx (Nehalem Class Core i7)
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x86 Nehalem-v2 Intel Core i7 9xx (Nehalem Core i7, IBRS update)
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x86 Opteron_G1 (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 Opteron_G1-v1 AMD Opteron 240 (Gen 1 Class Opteron)
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x86 Opteron_G2 (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 Opteron_G2-v1 AMD Opteron 22xx (Gen 2 Class Opteron)
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x86 Opteron_G3 (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 Opteron_G3-v1 AMD Opteron 23xx (Gen 3 Class Opteron)
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x86 Opteron_G4 (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 Opteron_G4-v1 AMD Opteron 62xx class CPU
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x86 Opteron_G5 (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 Opteron_G5-v1 AMD Opteron 63xx class CPU
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x86 Penryn (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 Penryn-v1 Intel Core 2 Duo P9xxx (Penryn Class Core 2)
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x86 SandyBridge (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 SandyBridge-IBRS (alias of SandyBridge-v2)
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x86 SandyBridge-v1 Intel Xeon E312xx (Sandy Bridge)
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x86 SandyBridge-v2 Intel Xeon E312xx (Sandy Bridge, IBRS update)
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x86 Skylake-Client (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 Skylake-Client-IBRS (alias of Skylake-Client-v2)
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x86 Skylake-Client-noTSX-IBRS (alias of Skylake-Client-v3)
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x86 Skylake-Client-v1 Intel Core Processor (Skylake)
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x86 Skylake-Client-v2 Intel Core Processor (Skylake, IBRS)
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x86 Skylake-Client-v3 Intel Core Processor (Skylake, IBRS)
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x86 Skylake-Server (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 Skylake-Server-IBRS (alias of Skylake-Server-v2)
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x86 Skylake-Server-noTSX-IBRS (alias of Skylake-Server-v3)
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x86 Skylake-Server-v1 Intel Xeon Processor (Skylake)
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x86 Skylake-Server-v2 Intel Xeon Processor (Skylake, IBRS)
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x86 Skylake-Server-v3 Intel Xeon Processor (Skylake, IBRS)
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x86 Snowridge (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 Snowridge-v1 Intel Atom Processor (SnowRidge)
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x86 Snowridge-v2 Intel Atom Processor (Snowridge, no MPX)
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x86 Westmere (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 Westmere-IBRS (alias of Westmere-v2)
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x86 Westmere-v1 Westmere E56xx/L56xx/X56xx (Nehalem-C)
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x86 Westmere-v2 Westmere E56xx/L56xx/X56xx (IBRS update)
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x86 athlon (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 athlon-v1 QEMU Virtual CPU version 2.5+
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x86 core2duo (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 core2duo-v1 Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Duo CPU T7700 @ 2.40GHz
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x86 coreduo (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 coreduo-v1 Genuine Intel(R) CPU T2600 @ 2.16GHz
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x86 kvm32 (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 kvm32-v1 Common 32-bit KVM processor
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x86 kvm64 (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 kvm64-v1 Common KVM processor
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x86 n270 (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 n270-v1 Intel(R) Atom(TM) CPU N270 @ 1.60GHz
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x86 pentium (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 pentium-v1
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x86 pentium2 (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 pentium2-v1
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x86 pentium3 (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 pentium3-v1
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x86 phenom (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 phenom-v1 AMD Phenom(tm) 9550 Quad-Core Processor
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x86 qemu32 (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 qemu32-v1 QEMU Virtual CPU version 2.5+
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x86 qemu64 (alias configured by machine type)
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x86 qemu64-v1 QEMU Virtual CPU version 2.5+
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x86 base base CPU model type with no features enabled
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x86 max Enables all features supported by the accelerator in the current host
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Recognized CPUID flags:
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3dnow 3dnowext 3dnowprefetch abm ace2 ace2-en acpi adx aes amd-no-ssb
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amd-ssbd apic arat arch-capabilities avx avx2 avx512-4fmaps avx512-4vnniw
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avx512-bf16 avx512-vpopcntdq avx512bitalg avx512bw avx512cd avx512dq
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avx512er avx512f avx512ifma avx512pf avx512vbmi avx512vbmi2 avx512vl
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avx512vnni bmi1 bmi2 cid cldemote clflush clflushopt clwb clzero cmov
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cmp-legacy core-capability cr8legacy cx16 cx8 dca de decodeassists ds
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ds-cpl dtes64 erms est extapic f16c flushbyasid fma fma4 fpu fsgsbase
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fxsr fxsr-opt gfni hle ht hypervisor ia64 ibpb ibrs-all ibs intel-pt
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invpcid invtsc kvm-asyncpf kvm-hint-dedicated kvm-mmu kvm-nopiodelay
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kvm-poll-control kvm-pv-eoi kvm-pv-ipi kvm-pv-sched-yield
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kvm-pv-tlb-flush kvm-pv-unhalt kvm-steal-time kvmclock kvmclock
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kvmclock-stable-bit la57 lahf-lm lbrv lm lwp mca mce md-clear mds-no
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misalignsse mmx mmxext monitor movbe movdir64b movdiri mpx msr mtrr
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nodeid-msr npt nrip-save nx osvw pae pat pause-filter pbe pcid pclmulqdq
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pcommit pdcm pdpe1gb perfctr-core perfctr-nb pfthreshold pge phe phe-en
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pku pmm pmm-en pn pni popcnt pschange-mc-no pse pse36 rdctl-no rdpid
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rdrand rdseed rdtscp rsba rtm sep sha-ni skinit skip-l1dfl-vmentry smap
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smep smx spec-ctrl split-lock-detect ss ssb-no ssbd sse sse2 sse4.1
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sse4.2 sse4a ssse3 stibp svm svm-lock syscall taa-no tbm tce tm tm2
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topoext tsc tsc-adjust tsc-deadline tsc-scale tsx-ctrl umip vaes
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virt-ssbd vmcb-clean vme vmx vmx-activity-hlt vmx-activity-shutdown
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vmx-activity-wait-sipi vmx-apicv-register vmx-apicv-vid vmx-apicv-x2apic
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vmx-apicv-xapic vmx-cr3-load-noexit vmx-cr3-store-noexit
|
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vmx-cr8-load-exit vmx-cr8-store-exit vmx-desc-exit vmx-encls-exit
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vmx-entry-ia32e-mode vmx-entry-load-bndcfgs vmx-entry-load-efer
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vmx-entry-load-pat vmx-entry-load-perf-global-ctrl
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vmx-entry-load-rtit-ctl vmx-entry-noload-debugctl vmx-ept vmx-ept-1gb
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vmx-ept-2mb vmx-ept-advanced-exitinfo vmx-ept-execonly vmx-eptad
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vmx-eptp-switching vmx-exit-ack-intr vmx-exit-clear-bndcfgs
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vmx-exit-clear-rtit-ctl vmx-exit-load-efer vmx-exit-load-pat
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vmx-exit-load-perf-global-ctrl vmx-exit-nosave-debugctl
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vmx-exit-save-efer vmx-exit-save-pat vmx-exit-save-preemption-timer
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vmx-flexpriority vmx-hlt-exit vmx-ins-outs vmx-intr-exit vmx-invept
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vmx-invept-all-context vmx-invept-single-context
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vmx-invept-single-context vmx-invept-single-context-noglobals
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vmx-invlpg-exit vmx-invpcid-exit vmx-invvpid vmx-invvpid-all-context
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vmx-invvpid-single-addr vmx-io-bitmap vmx-io-exit vmx-monitor-exit
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vmx-movdr-exit vmx-msr-bitmap vmx-mtf vmx-mwait-exit vmx-nmi-exit
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vmx-page-walk-4 vmx-page-walk-5 vmx-pause-exit vmx-ple vmx-pml
|
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vmx-posted-intr vmx-preemption-timer vmx-rdpmc-exit vmx-rdrand-exit
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vmx-rdseed-exit vmx-rdtsc-exit vmx-rdtscp-exit vmx-secondary-ctls
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vmx-shadow-vmcs vmx-store-lma vmx-true-ctls vmx-tsc-offset
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vmx-unrestricted-guest vmx-vintr-pending vmx-vmfunc
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vmx-vmwrite-vmexit-fields vmx-vnmi vmx-vnmi-pending vmx-vpid
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vmx-wbinvd-exit vmx-xsaves vmx-zero-len-inject vpclmulqdq waitpkg
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wbnoinvd wdt x2apic xcrypt xcrypt-en xgetbv1 xop xsave xsavec xsaveerptr
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xsaveopt xsaves xstore xstore-en xtpr
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root@localhost:~#
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